What is Catechesis?

Catechesis is the study of catechism—the systematic instruction in the teachings of the Catholic faith. The word "catechism" comes from the Latin catechismus, meaning "book of instruction." While technically any instructional textbook could be called a catechism, in religious terms it specifically refers to materials that teach the truths of our faith. The catechism helps us better understand what our faith teaches, and in many ways, why it teaches it.

The catechism is very important as it helps us understand the foundations of our religion in a clear, structured manner. Just as you wouldn't attempt to learn complex subjects on your own without proper guidance—as this can lead to many misconceptions—attempting to learn your faith without direction can also lead to misunderstandings. This principle is demonstrated in Scripture when Philip teaches the Ethiopian about what he was reading from the Prophet Isaiah:

"And rising up, he went. And behold a man of Ethiopia, an eunuch, of great authority under Candace the queen of the Ethiopians, who had charge over all her treasures, had come to Jerusalem to adore. And he was returning, sitting in his chariot, and reading Isaias the prophet. And the Spirit said to Philip: Go near, and join thyself to this chariot. And Philip running thither, heard him reading the prophet Isaias. And he said: Thinkest thou that thou understandest what thou readest? Who said: And how can I, unless some man shew me? And he desired Philip that he would come up and sit with him." (Acts 8:27-31)

Philip's guidance helped the eunuch understand a portion of the faith correctly, keeping him free from error in his understanding. This demonstrates the importance of proper catechetical instruction.

The struggle many face with catechism today is applying a book that is two thousand years old to a society that has changed significantly. Our language, symbols, and ways of thinking are far different from those used in biblical times. That is why catechesis must be both faithful to tradition and engaging for modern learners. The current Catechism by St. Pope John Paul II, with annotations by Pope Francis, is the most recent version, though many find the Catechism of St. Pius X helpful for its question-and-answer format. The current catechism is written in a manner more suited for Bishops, Priests, and Canon Lawyers due to its theological density, but properly formed catechists help fill in the gaps and teach these truths in an accessible manner.

The entirety of catechesis aims to teach the basics of our faith, but it must be taught well to be truly effective.